“A CLINICAL CASE STUDY ON THE MANAGEMENT OF GREEVA STAMBH THROUGH AYURVEDA W.S.R TO CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS.”

About Author

Correspondence Address

Department of Kayachikitsa
shri ayurved Mahavidyalaya nagpur
Contact No. : 8605441350, Email : chetan26pachmase98@gmail.com

Date of Acceptance : 28 Dec 2025

Date of Publication : 31 Dec 2025

Article ID : SD-IJAY_156

How to cite this article : http://doi.org/10.55552/SDNJAY.2025.3410

Abstract

Ayurvedic medicine plays a significant role in the management of Vishwachi Roga, a condition that closely corresponds to cervical spondylosis in modern medicine. Ayurvedic management emphasizes a comprehensive and holistic approach, including avoidance of causative factors (Nidana Parivarjana), administration of disease-specific formulations, Rasayana therapy, and Panchakarma procedures. In addition, adherence to appropriate dietary and lifestyle guidelines, along with the practice of Yoga and Pranayama, forms an integral part of the therapeutic regimen. During the course of treatment, activities such as heavy weight lifting, repetitive strain, and strenuous physical exercise are discouraged to prevent further aggravation of symptoms.

The therapeutic strategy primarily focuses on Vata pacification and incorporates analgesic, strengthening, nourishing, rejuvenating, oleation (Snehana), and sudation (Swedana) therapies. Supportive measures such as nutritional supplementation, including calcium, and gentle purgation (Mridu Virechana) are also recommended to enhance treatment outcomes.¹

Clinically, cervical spondylosis commonly presents with neck pain and stiffness, radiating pain to the upper limbs, and muscle wasting of the arms. Radiological findings typically demonstrate narrowing of the cervical intervertebral spaces, subchondral sclerosis, osteophyte formation, and loss of the normal cervical lordotic curvature. The disease generally follows a chronic and progressive course. Ayurvedic interventions are considered beneficial in alleviating symptoms, improving functional capacity, and enhancing quality of life in affected individuals.

This review highlights the relevance and effectiveness of Ayurvedic principles and therapeutic modalities in the management of Vishwachi Roga with special reference to cervical spondylosis.²

KEY WORDS:-  Cervical spondylosis, Vishwachi Roga, Manyastambha, Panchakarma therapy, Ayurvedic management

Introduction

In recent years, significant lifestyle modifications have led to a marked increase in the prevalence of cervical spondylosis, making it one of the most common disorders of the cervical spine. This growing burden has drawn considerable attention from the global medical community toward understanding its pathophysiology and developing effective therapeutic strategies. Cervical spondylosis arises from multiple etiological factors that contribute to degeneration of the intervertebral discs, disc bulging, and osteophytic overgrowth of adjacent vertebrae. These degenerative changes may result in compression of cervical nerve roots, the spinal cord, or both. In certain cases, non-compressive myelopathy may also occur due to vascular compromise. Cervical spondylosis is recognized as the most frequent cause of non-traumatic myelopathy and may lead to neurological deficits such as paraparesis or quadriparesis.

The annual prevalence of neck pain among adults is estimated to range between 20% and 50%, with cervical spondylosis being the most common underlying cause. Spondylosis is defined as a non-inflammatory degenerative condition primarily resulting from progressive disc degeneration at the amphiarthrodial joints formed between adjacent vertebral bodies. Degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs and the development of spondylosis are considered part of the natural aging process, with nearly 95% of individuals exhibiting radiological evidence of cervical spondylosis by the age of 65. With disease progression, these degenerative changes may lead to compression of cervical spinal nerves or the spinal cord, resulting in significant functional impairment.³

From an Ayurvedic perspective, degeneration corresponds to Apatarpana (depletion). Therefore, disorders such as cervical spondylosis, which arise due to degenerative changes in the intervertebral joints and vertebrae, warrant nourishing (Brimhana) therapeutic approaches. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Ayurvedic treatment modalities—including Snehana, Nadi Sweda, Patra Pottali Sweda, and internal medication—in alleviating the clinical signs and symptoms of cervical spondylosis.⁴

Discussion

Manyastambha (cervical spondylosis) is a degenerative disorder that affects a substantial proportion of the population in the modern era. Manyastambha described in Ayurveda closely corresponds to cervical spondylosis in contemporary medicine, as both conditions share similar etiological factors, clinical features, and disease progression. The primary Doshas involved in the pathogenesis of this condition are Vyana Vata and Shleshaka Kapha. Owing to chronic pain, restricted neck movements, and functional disability, the disorder significantly affects an individual’s quality of life as well as socio-economic productivity.

Aggravation of Vata due to Margavarodha (obstruction of channels) leads to Kshaya (degeneration) of Asthi and Snayu Dhatu, resulting in structural alterations in the Manya (cervical) region. In the management of Vata Vyadhi, Snehana and Swedana are considered the primary therapeutic modalities. Localized interventions such as Abhyanga, Swedana, and Patra Pottali Sweda have been found to be particularly effective in alleviating symptoms of Manyastambha by reducing pain, stiffness, and restricted mobility.

Mode of Action of Panchakarma Chikitsa

1. Snehana (Abhyanga)

In Abhyanga, medicated oil is applied over the body with gentle massage. The mechanical pressure generated during massage enhances local circulation, increases muscle temperature, and promotes relaxation of musculoskeletal tissues. The inherent properties of Taila—Snigdha (unctuous), Guru (heavy), and Ushna (warm)—are antagonistic to the qualities of

aggravated Vata Dosha. Consequently, Abhyanga helps pacify vitiated Vata, thereby relieving pain and stiffness and improving joint mobility.⁵

2. Nadi Sweda

Swedana (sudation therapy) possesses Sthambhaghna (anti-stiffness), Sandhicheshtakara (enhancing joint movement), Srotoshodhaka (channel-cleansing), and Kapha–Vata Shamana properties. The induced heat liquefies aggravated Doshas and dilates the Srotas, facilitating the removal of obstruction (Srotosanga Vighatana). This process effectively reduces joint stiffness, heaviness, and restricted movement.⁶

3. Probable Mode of Action of Agnikarma

Agnikarma utilizes the therapeutic properties of Agni, namely Ushna, Tikshna, Sukshma, and Ashukari Guna, which counteract aggravated Vata and reduce Kapha. The controlled application of heat using a heated Shalaka produces a Samyak Dagdha Vrana at the level of Twak Dhatu. From this site, the therapeutic heat acts through multiple mechanisms.

Firstly, it alleviates Srotorodha by pacifying vitiated Vata and Kapha Dosha, thereby restoring Dosha Samya. Secondly, it enhances Rasa–Rakta Samvahana (local blood circulation), which helps eliminate pain-producing metabolites and inflammatory mediators, resulting in symptomatic relief. Thirdly, the applied heat stimulates Dhatvagni, promoting proper metabolism of the Dhatus and digestion of localized Ama. This leads to improved nourishment of subsequent Dhatus, particularly Asthi and Majja, thereby strengthening structural integrity and reducing symptoms of Manyastambha.

Additionally, the penetration of therapeutic heat into deeper tissues such as Mamsa Dhatu neutralizes the Sheeta Guna of aggravated Vata and Kapha, facilitating restoration of physiological balance and sustained relief.

4. Patra Pottali Sweda

Nirgundi (Vitex negundo) and Tila Taila possess Vata–Kapha Shamana, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. Abhyanga performed prior to Patra Pottali Sweda provides effective Snehana, tissue nourishment, muscle relaxation, and pain relief. The application of heated herbal boluses increases local temperature, improves circulation through vasodilation, and reduces pain, inflammation, edema, and muscle spasm. This combined effect enhances joint mobility and functional capacity through effective Vata–Kapha Shamana⁷

Mode of Action of Shaman Chikitsa

1. Trayodashang Guggul:

The ingredients of Trayodashang Guggulu possess Atonulomana (mild laxative) and Aampachana (digestive) properties, which help relieve Malabaddhata (constipation). Its Deepana (appetiser) and Pachana (digestive) actions also reduce symptoms like Tandra (lethargy), Gauravata (heaviness), and Aruchi (loss of appetite). Additionally, it exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritis, anti-gout, analgesic, muscle relaxant, and antioxidant effects. It promotes bone cell growth by stimulating both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. The formulation inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines, xanthine oxidase activity, hydrogen peroxide formation, and renal microsomal lipid peroxidation, and also blocks histamine action while enhancing dopamine levels. 8

2. CAP Palsineuron:

CAP Palsineuron is a proprietary Ayurvedic medicine containing Mahavtavidhwamsa Rasa (60 mg), Sameer Pannaga Rasa (60 mg), Ekangaveera Rasa (60 mg), Sootashekhara Rasa (60 mg), Lajjalu (60 mg), and Khurasani Ova (60 mg), manufactured by SG Phyto Pharma Pvt. Ltd. It is indicated for neuralgic pain, cervical spondylosis, lumbar spondylosis, bursitis, and hemiplegia.

3. Rasna Erandadi Kashayam,

also known as Cheriya Rasnadi Kashayam, primarily possesses tridosha‑balancing and Vata‑regulating properties. It acts as a deepana (digestive stimulant), rakta‑prasadana (blood purifier), and lekhana (scraping/clearing) agent. The formulation also exhibits sophahara (reduces morbid humours) and sulahara (alleviates pain) effects.

This kashaya demonstrates targeted activity in areas such as the jangha (thigh), uru (hip), trika (lower back), parswa (flanks), prishta (back), and janu (jaw). It is particularly effective in conditions where pain and swelling are present. 9, 10

4. Rasrajeshwar Ras

In cervical spondylosis, Rasraj Ras acts by pacifying aggravated Vāta, thereby reducing neck pain, stiffness, and muscular spasm; its Balya and Br̥ṃhaṇa properties strengthen cervical muscles and nerves. resulting in pain relief, improved mobility, and nerve support.

Conclusion

Cervical spondylosis is a major cause of disability and frequently interferes with an individual’s ability to perform routine daily activities. This case report demonstrates that Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa were highly beneficial in the management of Manyastambha. The treatment resulted in significant improvement in both subjective complaints and objective findings, indicating marked symptom reduction and a substantial enhancement in the patient’s quality of life. At present, the patient is able to perform daily activities comfortably. Although based on a single case, these findings provide encouraging evidence and suggest a viable and effective therapeutic approach for the management of Manyastambha.

References

1. Acharya GS, Acharya RS. Role of Ayurveda medicine in the management of Vishwachi Roga vis-a-vis Cervical Spondylosis. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci. 2023;8(11):113–117.
    

2. Pathak AK, Awasthi HH, Pandey AK. Use of Dashamoola in cervical spondylosis: Past and present perspective. Res Rev J Ayush. 2015;4:10–16.
    

3. Radhika C, Kumar GV, Mihirjan K. A randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the efficacy of Nasya in reducing the signs and symptoms of cervical spondylosis. AYU (An Int Q J Res Ayurveda). 2012;33(1):73–77. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.100316
    

4. Grover N, Mishra PK, Sharma I. Cervical spondylosis – An Ayurvedic review. [Journal details not provided]

5. Dr.Shivani K. Raut, Dr Archana S. Dachewar Ayurvedic Approach in the Management of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Annular tear  – A Case Study

6. TIWARI S, SINGH S, SHARMA P, SHARMA V. MANAGEMENT OF LOW BACKACHE DUE TO PIVD THROUGH PANCHAKARMA: A CASE STUDY INT. J. RES. AYURVEDA PHARM. 2018;9:84–7 ,KURUBAR D, MUNNOLI BT, KUMAR V, ARBAR A, PATIL A. ROLE OF MATRA VASTI (ENEMA) OVER ABHYANGA (MASSAGE) AND SWEDA (SUDATION) IN REDUCING SPASTICITY IN CEREBRAL PALSY WITH SUDDHA BALA TAILA—A RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY INT J AYUR PHARM RES. 2014;2:47–52

7. Raut, A., Chavan, D., & Sonawane, R. (Year). Efficacy of Patrapinda Swed in the management of Sandhigat Vata w.s.r. to Osteoarthritis. P.G. Scholar, Associate Professor, Department of Panchakarma, Shree Saptashrungi Ayurved College and Hospital, Nashik; Associate Professor, Dept. of Panchakarma, S.S.T. Ayurved College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India.

8. Moharana PK, Patel A. Synergistic effect of Trayodashang Guggulu and Yoga Basti in the management of low back pain with special reference to Gridhrasi. Int J Health Sci Res. 2018;8:167–173.
    

9. Malawad RA, Tharol N, Danappagoudar GN. A critical analysis on the probable mode of action of Rasna Saptakam Kashayam and Rasna Erandadi Kashayam. [Journal details not provided]

1. Acharya GS, Acharya RS. Role of Ayurveda medicine in the management of Vishwachi Roga vis-a-vis Cervical Spondylosis. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci. 2023;8(11):113–117.
2. Pathak AK, Awasthi HH, Pandey AK. Use of Dashamoola in cervical spondylosis: Past and present perspective. Res Rev J Ayush. 2015;4:10–16.
3. Radhika C, Kumar GV, Mihirjan K. A randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the efficacy of Nasya in reducing the signs and symptoms of cervical spondylosis. AYU (An Int Q J Res Ayurveda). 2012;33(1):73–77. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.100316
4. Grover N, Mishra PK, Sharma I. Cervical spondylosis – An Ayurvedic review. [Journal details not provided]

5. Dr.Shivani K. Raut, Dr Archana S. Dachewar Ayurvedic Approach in the Management of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Annular tear  – A Case Study

6. TIWARI S, SINGH S, SHARMA P, SHARMA V. MANAGEMENT OF LOW BACKACHE DUE TO PIVD THROUGH PANCHAKARMA: A CASE STUDY INT. J. RES. AYURVEDA PHARM. 2018;9:84–7 ,KURUBAR D, MUNNOLI BT, KUMAR V, ARBAR A, PATIL A. ROLE OF MATRA VASTI (ENEMA) OVER ABHYANGA (MASSAGE) AND SWEDA (SUDATION) IN REDUCING SPASTICITY IN CEREBRAL PALSY WITH SUDDHA BALA TAILA—A RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY INT J AYUR PHARM RES. 2014;2:47–52

7. Raut, A., Chavan, D., & Sonawane, R. (Year). Efficacy of Patrapinda Swed in the management of Sandhigat Vata w.s.r. to Osteoarthritis. P.G. Scholar, Associate Professor, Department of Panchakarma, Shree Saptashrungi Ayurved College and Hospital, Nashik; Associate Professor, Dept. of Panchakarma, S.S.T. Ayurved College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India.