MANAGEMENT OF TINIA CARPORIS [DADRU] WITH AYURVEDIC APPROACH : A SINGLE CASE STUDY

About Author

Correspondence Address

Kayachikitsa Department Shri Ayurveda mahavidyalaya Nagpur
Contact No. : 8975775738, Email : dhanaitamol@gmail.com

Date of Acceptance : 28 Mar 2025

Date of Publication : 30 Mar 2025

Article ID : SD-IJAY_125

How to cite this article : http://doi.org/10.55552/SDNJAY.2025.3105

Abstract

The majority of Twak Vikaras in Ayurveda are categorized under the general name "Kushtha Vikara," which is further divided into Mahakushta and Kshudrakushta. One of them is Dadru. Raktapradoshaja vyadhi is characterized by pitta and kapha dominance. Tinea corporis, a fungal illness, can be closely linked to Dadru because all of its symptoms are similar. The clinical characteristics of Dadru, a Pitta-kaphapradhan kushtha, are Utsanna Mandala (an elevated circular skin lesion), Raga (erythema), Pidika (eruptions), and Kandu (itching). A 62-year-old man arrived complaining of round, blackish skin discoloration (mandal) and intense itching throughout the lower abdomen, groin, and buttocks that had been present for 1.5 years. Kushtha is the primary indication for Shodhan and Shaman Chikitsa in Ayurveda. Because of Dadru's Pitta-Kapha predominance and tendency toward relapse, Henace chose both shaman chikitsa2 and shodhan chikitsa, which were Virechan. For 30 days, use Aragwadha Mahatiktaka Ghrita externally together with Arogyavardhini vati, Gandhak rasayan, Aragwadha Kapila vati, Nimbatwaka Churna, and Gandhak + Gairik + Chakramarda + Nimbatwaka Churna. Parameters such as Kandu (itching), Raaga (erythema), Pidika (eruptions), and Utsaana mandala (elevated circular skin lesion) showed notable improvement following the end of treatment. All medications with kushtaghna, kandughana, and krumighna qualities aid in the removal of exacerbated doshaja, which breaks the vyadhi's samprapti.

It is clear from this case study that Ayurvedic medicines work well for treating Dadru kushta.

KEY WORDS:-  Kushta, Kandughna, Kushtaghna, Dadru, Tinea corporis³

Introduction

The biggest organ in the body, the skin, accounts for 16% of the body weight. It is prone to a number of ailments due to its size and external position. In tropical and developing nations like India, the prevalence of skin problems has significantly increased in recent years. The prevalence of skin diseases has significantly increased in the modern era of civilization as a result of poor hygiene, poverty, certain infections, unhealthy eating habits, etc. Fungal infections are among the most prevalent skin conditions. In hot and muggy conditions, this fungal infection is highly prevalent. Kushta is the general term used in Ayurveda to describe all skin conditions. They are then further divided into Kshudra Kushta and Maha Kushta. Because of its rapid invasion, Dadru Kushta is a kind of Kushta that falls under both categories. In general, it is Kushta that causes the skin to become vitiated and discolored. Dadru is portrayed by Acharya Charaka as a Kshudra Kushta. According to its definition, Dadru is the reddish-colored Pidika in the shape of a mandala with raised edges and itchiness.The WHO estimates that 20–25% of people have a superficial mycotic infection⁴. A class of highly contagious segmented fungal infections known as tinea or ringworm infections is typified by circular lesions that typically have elevated edges and sharp corners. Fungal infections can be caused by a number of causes, such as diabetes, obesity, weakened immune systems, damp skin, and damaged skin surfaces like cuts or grazes.⁵ It has been noted that antifungal medication resistance has increased in recent years and that common antifungal medications are ineffective against tinea infections. For a few days, tinea infection symptoms subside, but they have a propensity to recur. Therefore, Ayurvedic medicine has the potential to treat and eradicate tinea infections while preventing relapses. Therefore, we will talk about a case study of Dadru Kushtha, who was effectively treated using Ayurvedic principles in this post.⁶

Discussion

In this case study, dadru kushtha is a chronic skin disorder. Because of chronicity and relapsing tendency, repeated shodhan treatment is advised¹⁰.

Probable mode of action of Arogyavardhini Vati:

The main indication for the herbomineral formulation Arogyavardhini vati is Kushta roga, or skin problems. Kutaki (Picrorrhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth) is the primary ingredient. Other ingredients include Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz.), Bibhitaka (Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.), Amalaki (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.), Shilajatu Shuddha (purified asphaltum), Guggulu Shuddha (Commiphora wightii Arn.), Eranda (Ricinus communis Linn.), and a variety of minerals, such as Shuddha Parada (purified mercury), Shuddha Gandhaka (purified sulfur), Lauha Bhasma (iron in ash form), Abhraka Bhasma (mica in ash form), and Tamra Bhasma (copper in ash form), along with nimba (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) leaf juice for bhavana.

This composition has a number of benefits, including balancing the three doshas (tridosha shamak), promoting digestion (deepan), improving metabolic processes (pachan), reducing skin problems (kushthaghna), relieving itching (kandughna), and aiding in pitta virechan (purging excess pitta). These qualities aid in maintaining dosha balance, improving digestive fire (agnivardhana), encouraging waste removal (malashodhana), and enabling the vata dosha to move properly (vatanulomana). The characteristics of kushtaghna and kandughna help to alleviate symptoms and halt the progression of the disease¹¹.

Probable mode of action of Gandhak Rasayan:

Shuddha Gandhaka (purified sulfur) is subjected to 12 bhavanas (infusions) of different herbal medications to make Gandhak Rasayan, a polyherbal composition. It is mostly recommended for the treatment of Kushta Roga, or skin problems. Because of its antibacterial and antifungal qualities, the formulation efficiently promotes Rakta Shodhan (blood purification) by acting on Rakta Dhatu (blood).

Gandhak Rasayan reduces infections by using its antifungal properties. It also has a Rasayana (rejuvenative) effect that helps skin complexion and digestion. Skin conditions can be treated with sulfur both topically and orally. It has qualities that help relieve symptoms like itching (Kandu), pustules (Pidika), redness (Raaga), and burning (Daha), such as Rakta Shodhak (blood purifying), Vranaropak (wound healing), Krumighna (anti-parasitic), and Kushthaghna (anti-skin disease)¹².

Probable mode of action of aragwadha kapila vati¹³ :-

• Aragwadha : Known for its purgative and detoxifying properties, it helps eliminate toxins from the body and has anti-inflammatory effects, which can alleviate skin lesions.

• Kapila : It is used for its nourishing and rejuvenating properties. It may help in healing the skin and promoting tissue regeneration.
• Turmeric (Curcuma longa): Known for its strong anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, it aids in reducing inflammation and preventing infection.
• Neem (Azadirachta indica): A potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory herb, neem helps purify the blood and combats skin infections.
• Ginger (Zingiber officinale): Improves digestion and metabolism, which is crucial for effective treatment of skin conditions.

Probable mode of action of nimbatwaka churna¹⁴ :-

Nimbatwaka Churna is an Ayurvedic herbal formulation commonly used to treat Dadru, a type of skin disorder characterized by fungal infections, especially those leading to itching and eruptions.

Neem : Known for its powerful antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties, neem helps combat infections and reduce inflammation associated with skin conditions.

Probable mode of action of snehanpan with aragwadha mahatiktak ghrut in virechan karmain dadru :

Aragwadha Mahatiktaka Ghrita Snehan Karma is a specialized Ayurvedic therapy that combines the benefits of Aragwadha (Cassia fistula), Mahatiktaka Ghrita (a ghee formulation with bitter herbs), and the technique of oleation (snehan). This treatment is particularly effective for managing Kushtha, which encompasses various skin disorders.

1. Aragwadha (Cassia fistula):

· Known for its detoxifying and purgative properties, Aragwadha helps eliminate toxins from the body, promoting skin health and reducing inflammation.

1. Mahatiktaka Ghrita:

• This formulation typically contains a combination of bitter herbs (like Neem, Kalmegh, etc.) that are known for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The ghee acts as a vehicle for these herbs, enhancing their absorption and efficacy.

Probable mode of action of shehan karma ¹⁵:-

Til Oil (sesame oil) used for external Snehan Karma in treating Kushtha (various skin disorders) has a specific mode of action that contributes to its effectiveness. Here’s a breakdown of its probable mechanisms:

1. Moisturization and Hydration- Til oil is an excellent emollient that provides deep hydration to the skin. This helps alleviate dryness, cracking, and scaling, common in many skin disorders.

2. Detoxification- The application of til oil can aid in the detoxification process by drawing out impurities and toxins (ama) from the skin and underlying tissues, which is essential for addressing the root causes of Kushtha.

3. Anti-inflammatory Propertie- Til oil contains compounds with anti-inflammatory effects that help reduce redness, swelling, and irritation associated with skin lesions, providing symptomatic relief.

4. Antimicrobial Activity- The oil possesses some antimicrobial properties, which can help inhibit the growth of pathogens and reduce the risk of secondary infections in affected areas.

5. Improved Circulation-The process of Snehan (oleation) enhances blood circulation to the skin. Improved circulation aids in delivering essential nutrients and oxygen, promoting faster healing of skin tissues.

6. Balancing Doshas- Til oil helps balance the doshas, particularly Pitta and Vata, which are often implicated in skin disorders. By balancing these doshas, til oil supports overall skin health and wellness.

7. Skin Regeneration and Healing-The nourishing properties of til oil support the regeneration of skin cells, promoting the healing of lesions and improving the overall texture of the skin.

Conclusion

This case provides documented evidence for the management of Pitta-Kapha Kushtha through Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa. In Shodhana Chikitsa, the aggravated doshas are expelled, which significantly helps in reducing the strength of the disease and preventing proper Pathapathya, focusing on Ahar and Vihar. Repeated shodhana, based on classical guidelines and considering factors like dosha, kala, and bala, should be administered to minimize the frequency of recurrence of the disease¹⁶.

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