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Year - 2024Volume - 2Issue - 2Pages - 164-175

IMPORTANCE OF ASHTAVIDHA PARIKSHA PADHHATI FOR DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASE : A REVIEW STUDY

 14 Jun 2024  755

About Author

Chhangani D1,
1 Associate professor, Department of Rognidan & Vikriti Vigyana, Shri Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, Maharashtra

Correspondence Address

Shri Ayurved Mahavidyalaya ,Dhanvantari Marg , Near Krida Square , Hanuman Nagar , Nagpur 440024
Contact No. : 8087833997, Email : jaichhangani1@gmail.com

Date of Acceptance : 24 Jun 2024

Date of Publication : 29 Jun 2024

Article ID : SD-IJAY_095

How to cite this article : http://doi.org/10.55552/SDNJAY.2024.2217

Abstract

Diagnosing the disease requires a thorough examination and the administration of medications. There are numerous indicator devices for assessment. Through Astasthana Pariksha, Yogaratnakara paints a clear picture of the landscape of health and illness. It also aids in predicting various illnesses. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between Ashtasthana Pariksha and disease diagnosis in medical practice.Diagnosis and prognosis are two crucial aspects of disease management. The clinical examination is an important tool for determining a patient's condition and disease. Ashtavidha pariksha is one of the most important tools for the diagnosis of disease. Ashtavidha pariksha in Ayurveda has a key role in current clinical practice. Ashtavidha Pariksha is the foundation of diagnostic techniques. According to Ayurveda, diagnosis involves not only naming the disease but also determining the imbalance of trienergies (doshas). These ashtavidha parikshas accurately assess the trienergy imbalance.

Key words :Rogapariksha, Ashtavidha pareeksha , clinical practice,Pariksha padhati,Diagnosis of disease

 

 

Introduction

Ayurveda is known as the holistic science of life and health. The knowledge of Dosha and Dushya is fundamental to the Ayurvedic idea and practice of Nidana (diagnosis). A pariksha is the diagnostic tool that identifies Rogi's vyadhi. According to Acharya Charak, the doctor should check the Roga, Ausadha, and Chikitsa in that order. He should proceed with his prior knowledge. [1] In AIn the traditional texts of Ayurveda, Acharyas such as Charak, Sushruta, Vagbhatt, and Yogratnakar received various Parikshas to assess the patient's condition. ha pareeksha was given by Yogaratnakara.[3] It Play’s a significant role in identifying illness. Yogratnakar portrayed eight assortments of Rogi Pariksha, namely [4]: -Nadi Pariksha; -Assessment of Heartbeat Mutra Pariksha; -Assessment of Pee Mala Pariksha; -Assessment of Stool Jihva Pariksha; -Assessment of Tongue Shabda Pariksha; -Assessment of Voice Sparsha Pariksha; -Assessment by Contact (skin) Drik Pariksha: Assessment of the Eyes Aakriti Pariksha: Assessment of Outward Presentation (Build or Body).

Discussion

To Study the importance of ashtavidha pareeksha padhhati for diagnosis of disease , the literature search was performed using the following electronic database: Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Different Research Journals using keywords like ayurvedic pareeksha padhhati,Articles containing importance of ashtavidha pareeksha padhhati for diagnosis of disease were reviewed, screened and used for deriving conclusion in this article
 
NADI PARIKSHA
Nadi Pariksha is the first among the Ashtavidha Pariksha. In the setting of Ashtavidha Pariksha, Nadi Pariksha is really the Pariksha of the Dhamani (arterial heartbeat) in different parts of the body[5]. The beat at the wrist suggests the presence of life (Jivasakshini). The doctor recognises the wellbeing and infirmity of an individual from its activities.[6]
 
Sites of Nadi Pariksha
The doctor needs to look at the pulse of the patient at the base of the thumb of his right hand by utilising his right hand. If a patient is female, then examine her nadi of the left hand, and if a patient is male, then examine his right hand for nadi pariksha.[7]
 
Examination of Tridosha
The doctor needs to put three fingers (index, middle, and ring finger) together to recognise the nadi of the three doshas, Vata, Pitta, and Kapha, individually. This also helps in recognising the personalities of Dosha as Manda (weak), Madhya (moderate), and Tikshna (quick)[8]
 
Process of Nadi Pariksha
The physician should examine the pulse three times, pressing and releasing it. The physician should make a diagnosis on the basis of his or her intelligence power[9]
 
Contra-indications of Nadi Pariksha
The following conditions apply: the pulse should not be examined as it does not give the correct information [10].
 
Sadyo Snaana (just after taking a bath) Bhukta-awastha (just after taking food) Sneha-avgahana (after oleation therapy) Kshuda (during hunger)

Trishna (during thirst)

Supta-awastha (during sleep or just after awakening)

MUTRA PARIKSHA
Mutra (urine) is another significant body byproduct, and its assessment yields important data for ensuring both wellbeing and illness. In Ayurveda, mutra is referred to as Mala. [15] The doctor can make a diagnosis by observing various colour changes in the urine, such as Manjishtabha (reddish), Dhumra (smoky), Neela (blue), Snigdha (sticky), Vaari Tulya (watery), and Sheetal (cold). [16]
 
Taila – Bindu Pariksha
Yogratnakar mentions Taila Bindu Pariksha as one important method for Mutra Pariksha. In the early morning, the patient should collect urine in a fresh glass jar. Before examining the collected material, we should only collect the middle stream and release the first few drops of urine. Trna assists in adding a drop of Tila taila to the collected urine. [18] The shape and direction of the taila spread provide the doctor with a wealth of information on which to base a prediction.
 
MALA PARIKSHA
As the "Kitta Bhaga" of Ahara, Purisha is also one of the body's important malas. Dosha, Dhatu, Aharapaka, Swasthya, and other concepts can be learned from the Purisha examination.
 
JIHWA PARIKSHA
Jihwa Pariksha is a significant aspect of Asthavidha Pariksha. Through Jihwa Pariksha, various diseases and their involvement in various doshas can be identified.
 
SHABDA PARIKSHA
Shabda Pariksha is the study of the different noises that the body's organs create. Certain organs, such as the heart, lungs, etc., make noises when they work normally. These sound patterns alter when a sickness is present. Shabda Pariksha will therefore be very beneficial in determining an accurate diagnosis. [25]
 
SPARSHA PARIKSHA
Sparsha pariksha is a skin examination by touch. Sparsha Pariksha is one important method for assessing the state of the skin, organs, and tissues. It is a method for understanding the condition of the various parts of the body in relation to their normal or abnormal gunas (qualities). [27] A Pitta Rogi's touch is Ushna, which means hot; a Kapha Rogi's sensation is Aadra, which means wet and cold; and a Vata Rogi's sensation is Shital, which means cold and rough.[28] Palpation is also an important clinical method for examining organs and skin in modern science.
 
DRIK PARIKSHA
The term "Drik" refers to eyes and vision. During a physical examination, the eyes are one of the most important parts of the body. The patients' eyes can be a very good source of information about their diabetes conditions. As a result, "Ashtasthana Pariksha," or Drik Pariksha, now includes eye examination
 
Akriti Pariksha
Akriti refers to the body's exterior features. In some cases, the sickness cycle might depend on the constitution or the type of individual body. The Acharyas have talked about the "Lakshana's of Deha Prakriti" in this section.[31] Even in modern physical examinations, this is very important.
 

Conclusion

Understanding the disease process and disease nidana (diagnosis) is critical. The physician is responsible for identifying disorders and implementing the appropriate Chikitsa (measures) to treat them. A legitimate determination shapes the foundation of legitimate treatment. As a result, the disease diagnosis should always come first. [33] Yogratnakar in Ayurveda mentions the "Asthavidha Pariksha" as one such diagnostic tool for diagnosing diseases. Nadi Gati indicates the disease prognosis, while Nadi Pariksha indicates the doshas and their combinations. We must also examine the character, quantity, and consistency of Mutra and Mala for diagnosis. Jihwa Pariksha is necessary due to the tongue's role as the stomach's indicator. Shabda Pariksha holds importance because various illnesses can alter the sound of different organs. Due to its significance, almost every Acharya has mentioned Sparsha Pariksha. Drik Pariksha is about eye examination and Arishta Lakshanas, whereas Akriti Pariksha is mostly about people's exterior features, bodies, and appearance. As a result, this examination allows the clinician to learn a lot more about the nature and location of pathology. Such an assessment is critical for drawing clinical conclusions about illnesses and administering Yogya Chikitsa (sickness—explicit treatment). [34] Consequently, Yogratnakar's "Ashthasthana Pariksha" is vital in Ayurvedic Nidana (determination).

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